Layered organization in the coastal ocean: An introduction to planktonic thin layers and the LOCO project     

James M. Sullivan  Margaret A. McManus  Olivia M. Cheriton  Kelly J. Benoit-Bird  Louis Goodman  Zhankun Wang  John P. Ryan  Mark Stacey  D. Van Holliday  Charles Greenlaw  Mark A. Moline  Malcolm McFarland 《Continental Shelf Research》2010,30(1):1-6

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Organic matter of the Mulhouse Basin, France: a synthesis     

P. Hofmann  A.Y. Huc  B. Carpentier  P. Schaeffer  P. Albrecht  B. Kelly  J.R. Maxwell  J.S.Sinninghe Damst  J.W. de Leeuw  D. Leythaeuser 《Organic Geochemistry》1993,20(8)

The lower Oligocene evaporite sequence of the Mulhouse Basin (France) contains organic matter-rich marl deposits. These marls display an overall cyclic variation of sedimentation rate, organic carbon content, hydrogen index and selected molecular parameters over a 30 m thick stratigraphic interval. The integration of all sedimentological and geochemical parameters has allowed the reconstruction and characterization of the paleoenvironment of deposition. The marls were deposited in a perennial lake that was at times connected to the sea. Two organic facies end members could be assigned to a lake stage with a marine connection and a lake stage that received dominantly continental water input. The overall stratigraphic variation in the organic matter content is interpreted to reflect the adaptation of the Oligocene flora to the changing paleoclimate and environmental conditions.  相似文献   

Ionospheric convection during the magnetic storm of 20–21 March 1990     

J. R. Taylor  T. K. Yeoman  M. Lester  M. J. Buonsanto  J. L. Scali  J. M. Ruohoniemi  J. D. Kelly 《Annales Geophysicae》1994,12(12):1174-1191

We report on the response of high-latitude ionospheric convection during the magnetic storm of March 20–21 1990. IMP-8 measurements of solar wind plasma and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF), ionospheric convection flow measurements from the Wick and Goose Bay coherent radars, EISCAT, Millstone Hill and Sondrestrom incoherent radars and three digisondes at Millstone Hill, Goose Bay and Qaanaaq are presented. Two intervals of particular interest have been identified. The first starts with a storm sudden commencement at 2243 UT on March 20 and includes the ionospheric activity in the following 7 h. The response time of the ionospheric convection to the southward turning of the IMF in the dusk to midnight local times is found to be approximately half that measured in a similar study at comparable local times during more normal solar wind conditions. Furthermore, this response time is the same as those previously measured on the dayside. An investigation of the expansion of the polar cap during a substorm growth phase based on Faraday’s law suggests that the expansion of the polar cap was nonuniform. A subsequent reconfiguration of the nightside convection pattern was also observed, although it was not possible to distinguish between effects due to possible changes in B_y and effects due to substorm activity. The second interval, 1200–2100 UT 21 March 1990, included a southward turning of the IMF which resulted in the B_z component becoming -10 nT. The response time on the dayside to this change in the IMF at the magnetopause was approximately 15 min to 30 min which is a factor of \sim2 greater than those previously measured at higher latitudes. A movement of the nightside flow reversal, possibly driven by current systems associated with the substorm expansion phases, was observed, implying that the nightside convection pattern can be dominated by substorm activity.  相似文献   

Mineralized and unmineralized calderas in Spain; Part II, evolution of the Rodalquilar caldera complex and associated gold-alunite deposits   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

J. J. Rytuba  A. Arribas Jr.  C. G. Cunningham  E. H. McKee  M. H. Podwysocki  J. G. Smith  W. C. Kelly  A. Arribas 《Mineralium Deposita》1990,25(1):S29-S35

The Rodalquilar caldera complex is located in the western part of the Cabo de Gata volcanic field in southeastern Spain and is the first documented example of epithermal gold-alunite mineralization within a caldera in Europe. The Rodalquilar caldera is an oval collapse structure having a maximum diameter of 8 km and formed at 11 Ma from eruption of the Cinto ash-flow tuff. The oval Lomilla caldera, with a diameter of 2 km, is nested within the central resurgent dome of the older Rodalquilar caldera. The Lomilla caldera resulted from the eruption of the Lazaras ash-flow tuff which was ponded within the moat of the Rodalquilar caldera. The last phase of volcanic activity in the caldera complex was the emplacement of hornblende andesite flows and intrusions. This magmatic event resulted in structural doming of the caldera, opening of fractures and faults, and provided the heat source for the large hydrothermal systems which deposited quartz-alunite type gold deposits and base metal vein systems. The gold-alunite deposits are enclosed in areas of intense acid sulfate alteration and localized in ring and radial faults and fractures present in the east wall of the Lomilla caldera. Like other acid-sulfate type deposits, the Rodalquilar gold-alunite deposits are closely related in time and space to porphyritic, intermediate composition magma emplaced along caldera structures but unrelated to the caldera forming magmatic system.  相似文献   

Seismic response of light internal equipment in base-isolated structures     

James M. Kelly  Hsiang-Chuan Tsai 《地震工程与结构动力学》1985,13(6):711-732

The seismic response of light secondary systems in a building is dependent on the response of the primary structural system to the seismic ground motion with the result that very high accelerations can be induced in such secondary systems. This response can be reduced through the use of aseismic base isolation which is a design strategy whereby the entire building can be decoupled from the damaging horizontal components of seismic ground motion by the use of some form of isolation system. The paper presents a theoretical analysis of the response of light equipment in isolated structures and a parallel experimental programme both of which show that the use of base isolation can not only attenuate the response of the primary structural system but also reduce the response of secondary systems. Thus, the design of equipment and piping in a base-isolated building is very much simpler than that for a conventionally founded structure: inelastic response and equipment-structure interaction need not be considered and multiple support response analysis is rendered unnecessary. Although an isolation system with linear elastic bearings can reduce the acceleration of the structure, it may be accompanied by large relative displacements between the structure and the ground. A system using lead-rubber hysteretic bearings, having a force-displacement relation which is approximately a bilinear loop, can reduce these displacements. A parallel experimental programme was carried out to investigate the response of light equipment in structures isolated using lead-rubber bearings. The experimental results show that these bearings can dissipate energy and limit the displacement and acceleration of the structure but are less effective in reducing the accelerations in the internal equipment. The results of both the analysis and the tests show that base isolation is a very effective method for the seismic protection of light equipment items in buildings.  相似文献   

A solid state sensor for mapping and profiling stimulated bioluminescence in the marine environment     

J. Aiken  J. Kelly 《Continental Shelf Research》1984,3(4):455-464

This paper describes the design and development of a solid state sensor for the measurement, in situ, of stimulable bioluminescence of marine organisms. It can be towed in the Undulating Oceanographic Recorder or used in vertical profiling mode from a stationary research vessel. The sensor can detect signals from 10⁹ quanta s⁻¹, from a single dinoflagellate flash, up to 10¹³ quanta s⁻¹, at cell densities of 10⁶ to 10⁸ m⁻³. Measurements of bioluminescence and associated environmental conditions are presented from a variety of deployments of the sensor in the Undulating Oceanographic Recorder.  相似文献   

DISCUSSION OF "A Program to Calculate Aquifer Transmissivity from Specific-Capacity Data for Programmable Calculators," by J. B. Czarnecki and R. W. Craig     

Jack E. Kelly 《Ground water》1986,24(2):237-237

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Airborne radar and in-situ observations of a shallow stratus with drizzle     

G. Vali  R. D. Kelly  A. Pazmany  R. E. McIntosh 《Atmospheric Research》1995,38(1-4)

Observations were made of a shallow stratus of upslope origin using an aircraft equipped with insitu probes and with a vertically-pointing radar of 3-mm wavelength. A cloud layer of 300 m thickness was found below the inversion; an additional layer of 100 m thickness was located within the inversion. The coldest temperature within the cloud was -2°C and the cloud contained no ice particles. Drizzle drops up to 180 Am were present in both cloud layers.The observations reveal precipitation and air motion structures of approximately 1 km horizontal dimensions. The origin of this organization appears to be weak convection. In addition, mixing played an important role in forming the cloud droplet and drizzle drop size distributions.  相似文献   

GROUND-WATER DISPERSION CALCULATIONS WITH A PROGRAMMABLE CALCULATOR     

William E. Kelly 《Ground water》1982,20(6):736-739

Abstract. A simple and convenient method for calculating two-dimensional dispersion on a TI 58 or 59 programmable calculator utilizing the normal distribution program available in the Solid State Software Master Library module as a subroutine is presented with an example.  相似文献   

Reply to Gruhn and Bryan's comments on “Cave sites,faunal analysis,and big-game hunters of the Great Basin: A caution”     

Kelly R. McGuire 《Quaternary Research》1982,18(2):240-242

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